It seems the Ariocarpus on your photo has been damaged the growing point area by mites attacking as Hellonasty said.
Ariocarpus will turn the body color as shown on your photo if it stopped the growing a while by any reasons.
I have experienced a similar problem.
I spray methylated spirits dilution over scions for the mites attacking.
It is possible to recover but scars will be remained unfortunately.
The attached photo is a 1 and 7 months old Ariocarpus retusus v furfuraceus, 8 cm diameter.
It was recovered but scars were remained.
I think the condition of your Pereskiopsis stock is also very poor.
If the scion stopped the growing, the stock should make offsets vigorously.
It may not be good enough watering frequency.